Conceptualization
Research question, framework, construct, or theory.
Research advances through registered questions, inspectable methods, independent criticism, and durable version records.
Submit a bounded question, literature map, method, data requirements, falsification condition, expected output, risks, and conflicts of interest.
Check fit, novelty, feasibility, duplicated work, dependencies, ethics, rights, and whether a simpler design can answer the question.
Freeze hypotheses, outcomes, exclusions, models, thresholds, analysis plan, and deviation rules with a persistent version.
Maintain source provenance, code review, data lineage, decision logs, negative results, and a record of protocol deviations.
Invite domain, methods, data, ethics, and affected-community review; preserve objections and author responses.
Separate original authors from at least one reproduction or adversarial audit before upgrading claim status.
Publish the report, data/code where lawful, model card, contribution statement, conflicts, limitations, errata route, and version links.
Research question, framework, construct, or theory.
Design, mathematics, identification, simulation, and validation.
Collection, curation, provenance, code, infrastructure, and maintenance.
Case research, experiments, backtests, reproductions, and adversarial testing.
Peer review, ethical review, regional interpretation, translation, and correction.
Authorship requires substantial intellectual contribution, drafting or revision, approval, and accountability; other accepted work receives attributed contribution records.